Last modified: September 6, 2024

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Overview

Use our recommended security settings to ensure the security of your server.

Security and Virus Scans in WHM

The following features scan your server for viruses and security weaknesses. After you identify a potential security threat, these features prompt you with how to resolve each issue.

• Security Advisor — WHM’s Security Advisor interface (WHM » Home » Security Center » Security Advisor) runs a security scan on your server, and it advises you about how to resolve any security issues that it finds.

• Background Process Killer — WHM’s Background Process Killer interface (WHM » Home » System Health » Background Process Killer) allows you to select processes that the system will terminate when the upcp script calls the system maintenance script (/scripts/maintenance) every night. After the system terminates a process, it will send you a notification via email.

• Configure ClamAV Scanner — WHM’s Configure ClamAV Scanner interface (WHM » Home » Plugins » Configure ClamAV Scanner) is an antivirus software toolkit. It searches your server for malicious programs and flags any files that contain security threats.

Recommended Security Settings Checklist

Use the following checklists as quick references for the security settings that we recommend.

Tweak Settings checklist

We recommend the following settings for WHM’s Tweak Settings interface (WHM » Home » Server Configuration » Tweak Settings):

• Hide login password from cgi scripts — Enable this setting to allow you to hide the REMOTE_PASSWORD environment variable from scripts that the cpsrvd daemon’s CGI handler executes.

• Referrer safety check — Enable this setting to only permit cPanel, Webmail, and WHM to execute functions when the browser-provided referrer (port and domain or IP address) exactly matches the destination URL.

  • This helps prevent XSRF attacks but may break integration with other systems, login applications, and billing software.
  • You must use cookies if you enable this setting.

• Initial default/catch-all forwarder destination — Select the Fail setting to automatically discard un-routable email that your server’s new accounts receive. This setting helps to protect your server from mail attacks.

• Verify signatures of 3rdparty cPaddons — Enable this setting to verify GPG signatures of all third-party cPAddons. To use this setting, you must enable the Signature validation on assets downloaded from cPanel & WHM mirrors setting.

• Prevent “nobody” from sending mail — Enable this setting to block email that the nobody user sent to the remote address.

• Add X-POPBeforeSMTP header for mail sent via POP-before-SMTP — Enable this setting to include a list of POP-before-SMTP senders in the X-POPBeforeSMTP header for outgoing email.

• Enable SPF on domains for newly created accounts — Enable this setting to deny spammers the ability to send email when they forge your domain’s name as the sender (spoofing).

• Service subdomain override — Disable this setting to prevent automatically-generated service domains when a user creates a cPanel, Webmail, Web Disk, or WHM subdomain.

• Cookie IP validation — Select strict for full IP address validation of cookies.

Security Center checklist

We recommend the following settings for WHM’s Security Center section (WHM » Home » Security Center):

• Password Strength Configuration — This interface allows you to specify a minimum password strength for accounts that your server hosts. Set this to a value of 50 or greater.

• Apache mod_userdir Tweak — Enable this setting so users cannot bypass bandwidth limits when they use the Apache mod_userdir redirection to access their site (for example, http://example.com/~username).

  Note:

  We recommend that you exclude the Default Virtual Host from mod_userdir protection. This allows all users to access their sites on your server without affecting other users’ bandwidth.

• Compiler Access — Disable this setting to disable compiler access for unspecified users. This will help prevent attacks on your server.

• Manage Wheel Group Users — Remove all users except for root and your main account. This interface allows you to set a list of users who can use the su command in order to become the root user. This interface only exists on servers that run the CentOS, AlmaLinux OS or RockyLinux™ operating systems.

• Manage Sudo Group Users — Remove all users except for root and your main account. This interface allows you to set a list of users who can use the su command in order to become the root user. This interface only exists on servers that run the Ubuntu® operating system.

• Shell Fork Bomb Protection — Enable this setting to limit the amount of server resources that users with command line access may use.

  Note:

  If you enable this setting, it may cause resource shortage problems because this setting heavily limits various resources.

• cPHulk Brute Force Protection — Set this value to On. This interface allows you to configure Brute Force Protection on your server.

  Note:

  If you enable this setting, we strongly recommend that you add trusted IP addresses to the White/Black List Management tab so that you do not lock yourself out of your server.

Service Configuration checklist

We recommend the following setting for WHM’s Service Configuration section (WHM » Home » Service Configuration):

• FTP Server Configuration — Disable Anonymous FTP. This interface allows you to configure your FTP server.

Account Functions checklist

We recommend the following setting for WHM’s Account Functions section (WHM » Home » Account Functions):

• Manage Shell Access — Disable shell access for all other users. This interface allows you to select which users will have shell access on your server and whether that shell access is set to Normal or Jailed.

EasyApache configuration checklist

We recommend the following setting:

• open_basedir — A setting that uses PHP to deny users the ability to open files that are outside of their home directories. You can modify this setting in the Editor Mode section of WHM’s MultiPHP INI Editor interface (WHM » Home » Software » MultiPHP INI Editor).

When you configure EasyApache, we strongly recommend that you include the following modules:

• suphp — This module causes PHP scripts to run as the owner of the script instead of as the nobody user.

• mod_security — This module is an open-source web application firewall. For more information, read our ModSecurity® documentation.

For more information, read our PCI Compliance and Software Versions documentation.

Global Configuration checklist

This checklist is for the Global Configuration section of WHM’s Global Configuration interface (WHM » Home » Service Configuration » Apache Configuration » Global Configuration).

• Server tokens — Set this setting to Product Only to receive a more concise output than the other settings.

• File ETag — Set this setting to None to receive a more concise output than the other settings.